All::Gastroenterology::Physiology::Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
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What type of vitamin is vitamin B1?
Water-soluble.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)What is a derivative of vitamin B1?
Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP).
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)What enzymatic reactions does TPP serve as a coenzyme for?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, pyruvate decarboxylase in ethanol fermentation, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase complex, 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase, transketolase.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)Why is thiamine important?
It's important in the catabolism of sugars and amino acids.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)What are the clinical consequences of thiamine deficiency?
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (seen first in highly aerobic tissues such as the brain), wet beriberi (seen first in the heart).
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)What are the causes of thiamine deficiency?
Alcohol excess, malnutrition.
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)What are the conditions associated with thiamine deficiency?
Wernicke's encephalopathy (nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia), Korsakoff's syndrome (amnesia, confabulation), dry beriberi (peripheral neuropathy), wet beriberi (dilated cardiomyopathy).
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)