All::Rheumatology::Diseases::Osteomalacia

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What is the term preferred for softening of the bones due to low vitamin D levels in adults?

Osteomalacia.

Osteomalacia

What term is used when softening of the bones due to low vitamin D levels occurs in growing children?

Rickets.

Osteomalacia

Name some causes of osteomalacia.

Vitamin D deficiency (malabsorption, lack of sunlight, diet), chronic kidney disease, drug-induced (e.g., anticonvulsants), inherited (hypophosphatemic rickets), liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), coeliac disease.

Osteomalacia

What are the features of osteomalacia?

Bone pain, bone/muscle tenderness, fractures (especially femoral neck), proximal myopathy leading to a waddling gait.

Osteomalacia

What blood tests may show abnormalities in osteomalacia?

Low vitamin D levels, low calcium, phosphate (in around 30%), raised alkaline phosphatase (in 95-100% of patients).

Osteomalacia

What may be seen on an x-ray in osteomalacia?

Translucent bands (Looser's zones or pseudofractures).

Osteomalacia

What is the treatment for osteomalacia?

Vitamin D supplementation (loading dose initially) and calcium supplementation if dietary calcium is inadequate.

Osteomalacia